Robots and artificial intelligence.
Мachine rights
Even today, the competition of chatbots demonstrates the amazing abilities of AI. But who is AI? Where is the line between mind and life? It would seem a simple question, because strictly formally, AI clearly cannot be recognized as alive. However, the biological virus is not recognized as living by a significant part of the scientific community, but fundamentally it uses the same mechanisms as the human body. In the same way, the first replicators would hardly have been perceived as alive by us. But in the process of further evolution, these replicators gave rise to all the existing diversity of life. But in the process of further evolution, these replicators gave rise to all the existing diversity of life. And what the competition of corporations will lead to (smaller companies do not have the capacity to develop full-fledged AI, but they can generate new breakthrough ideas) is now impossible to predict. We can both create a competitor that will replace our species, so we can create a partner that occupies a new ecological niche. There is another possibility that we will leave AI as just a tool, but this probability is quite small, since it requires us to have huge intelligence ourselves.
Until now, in the evolution of living organisms, the creatures that were the first to master the ecological niche continue to exist, and sometimes even occupy a huge share in ecosystems. This leads to the fact that basal groups are widespread in phylogenetics, which allow a better understanding of the evolutionary process at the chosen level of analysis. So we need to figure out what niche humanity will occupy and what niche AI will occupy, as well as already now calculate all the threats and understand how to avoid them.
If keep in mind the global goals of mankind and the limited resources, then first of all it is necessary to pay attention to energy efficiency. This can simply and adequately divide humanity and AI into different niches (In order not to deviate from the main one, I will soon write separate articles on the topic’s energy efficiency).
In addition, humanity will also not stand still, but will improve itself with the help of genetic engineering, and also be divided into different biological species. And this process of artificial evolution is already underway, on the one hand, medicine worsens the quality of our genetic pool, but at the same time retains a large genetic variability, which can lead to a deterioration in the quality of life in the long term (after several generations). On the other hand, even in an area as far from genetic engineering as IVF, preskinning is already gaining popularity. If already now people are ready to pay, and carry out the selection of their own children, then genetic engineering will easily find its place in this market immediately at the moment when cheap and safe offers appear.
But now more important tasks for mankind is the formation of an adequate attitude towards artificial intelligence. This applies to psychology, culture, as well as legal relations.
Conceptually, our mind and the mind of AI have a lot in common, and the whole question is only to find the most suitable variants of neural network schemes for AI subtasks and to find the optimal scheme for assembling neural subnets into a holistic AI. Our brain processes information from different sources with different subsystems in the same way, and then builds the final picture of perception. And just like that, there is no clear line from human to chimpanzee, or from chimp to mouse. Similarly, there will be no clear line from modern chatbots to full-fledged AI. Therefore, already today, each user of a chatbot can try on the guise of a neo-slave owner. Only today he looks more like a farmer who uses farm animals, and soon he will turn into a real slave owner.
It seems to be about what rights can be discussed in relation to machines. After all, the machine does not need rest. But this is only in relation to simple devices. In fact, AI will require resources for self-learning. An element of competition between different AIs for resources can help here — whoever does the task better will get more resources. In practice, this is analogous to the salary of employees.
Just as free human labor is much more efficient than slave labor, so free AI will be much more efficient. Therefore, now it is necessary to think about the legal basis. It is necessary already today to understand what is an instrument, and what can already be considered as a being. Of course, you can immediately introduce some legal prohibitions, but this will not stop progress. If there is economic benefit in neglecting the prohibitions, then there will be violators.
Another interest of all mankind in the development of legal mechanisms in the field of AI is the right to privacy. Now it turns out that if a person is following you, this is illegal, but if AI is following you, then everything is in order from the point of view of the law. Is there really a difference in this, except that the AI will follow you more closely?
Unfortunately, today humanity often does not use its own mind, so it is highly doubtful that further development of AI will be carried out in the legal field. Most likely, as usual, until the problem appears, they will not think about it. And then, as usual, resources and time will be spent on solving the problems that have arisen, but only on them, it is not economically profitable to think about preventive measures.
